జర్నల్ ఆఫ్ న్యూట్రిషన్ & ఫుడ్ సైన్సెస్
అందరికి ప్రవేశం
ISSN: 2155-9600
ISSN: 2155-9600
Dina Keumala Sari, Harun Alrasyid Damanik, Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto and Zulkifli Lubis
Background: Low serum 25(OH)D levels often occur during the winter and spring of temperate countries due to low sun exposure but there are many other factors linked with vitamin D deficiency that can occur in tropical countries. Objectives: to assess 25(OH)D serum levels, to compare the difference of associated factors, and to find the factors that independently associated with 25(OH)D level. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted on 156 healthy Indonesian women during the dry season. This study measured serum 25(OH)D levels, examined two single nucleotide polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor gene (TaqI and BsmI), assessed lifestyle factor, and body fat percentage. Results: The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 18.8 ± 7.0 ng/mL, there were 148 subjects categorized as either deficient and insufficient, and eight were categorized as sufficient. However, none of the subjects achieved normal 25(OH)D values (normal value in sunny countries: 54-90 ng/mL), all participants were heterozygous (T>C for TaqI and A>G for BsmI). There were associations between vitamin D deficiency-insufficiency and sufficiency with indoors occupation (p<0.001), low vitamin D intake (p=0.046), less than 1 hour sun ray exposure (p<0.001), and low physical activity (p=0.01). Logistic regression showed that prediction factors that independently associated with the risk of low 25(OH)D level were sun ray exposure, occupation, and vitamin D intake. Conclusion: The results showed that vitamin D deficiency may occur in women with indoors occupation, low vitamin D intake, less than one hour sun ray exposure, and low physical activity. All participants were heterozygous (T>C for TaqI and A>G for BsmI). Factors that most influenced vitamin D serum were sun ray exposure, occupation, and vitamin D intake.