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అందరికి ప్రవేశం

నైరూప్య

Determinants of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis among Patients Attending Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment from Peripheral Districts, Southern Ethiopia, 2019: A Case-Control Study

Lankamo Ena Digesa 1*, Aklil Hailu Beyene 2, Erdaw Tachbele Betre 2

Introduction: The emergence of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a challenge for the global prevention and control of tuberculosis. Ethiopia is one of the 30 multi-drug resistant tuberculosis burden countries. There was little research evidence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis from the peripheral parts of the country.

Objectives: To identify determinants of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis among patients attending antituberculosis treatment from peripheral districts in Southern Ethiopia.

Methods: A facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted from March to April 2019 in Southern Ethiopia. The cases were confirmed multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients, while controls were those who declared cured or completed first-line anti-tuberculosis treatment. The study participants were recruited by simple random sampling technique. The data were entered into Epi data version 4.4.3, cleaned, and analyzed by SPSS version 24. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were used to identify the determinants of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. The determinants with P-value <0.05 were declared as having a significant association with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval was used to measure the degree of association.

Results: A total of 180 study participants: 90 cases and 90 controls were enrolled in this study. Multivariable logistic regression showed that uneducated (AOR: 5.18, 95% CI: 1.69-15.80), rural residents (AOR: 2.60, 95% CI: 1.14-6.88), body mass index <18.5 kg/m² (AOR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.41-6.88), pulmonary tuberculosis (AOR: 3.98, 95% CI: 1.11-14.22), contact history with known tuberculosis patient (AOR: 3.99, 95% CI: 1.75-9.07) and history of previous treatment (AOR: 9.5, 95% CI: 4.08-22) were found independent predictors of multidrug resistant tuberculosis. Conclusion: This study revealed that the determinants of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis from the peripheral districts were not different from the main urban centers. We recommend a nationwide future study to assure representativeness and matching cases with controls to identify the determinants of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis from peripheral districts.